The process is similar to that of photography except that rather than recording an image, it captures light fields. Holography 1 background the word hologram was coined from the greek word \holos which means whole, because the recorded hologram contains all the information of the image eld. Holographic interferometry holography virtual gallery. Jeong lake forest college lake forest, illinois holography is a much broader field than most people have perceived. This paper is an introduction to the holographic phenomena with a previous short recall of the light properties necessary for this matter. Holography is the science and practice of making holograms. How holography goes about recording phase information on a medium insensitive to phase is with the use of two separate beams one is the usual beam associated with the image to be recorded and the other is a completely separate beam known as the reference beam and exploiting the interference. There are two physical phenomena as the principles of the holography. Introduction to holography is a lucid introductory textbook for students and a valuable reference text for specialists.
Clear explanations of natural written and spoken english. The positive print is only a 2d record of light intensity. Holography 1 holography introduction and background the. The authors establish a synthetic state of the art of important advances in the field of digital holography. However, some holographic applications are not widely known in modern life. Because phase is a relative property, construction of a hologram requires a reference beam in addition to the light reflected from an objects surface. A hologram is a photographic recording of a light field, rather than an image formed by a lens. It relies on the principle of interference to produce an image. Learn how a hologram, light and your brain work together make clear, 3d images. This publication about the special holographic application holographic. Optical holography is a method for storage and displaying a threedimensional image of an object. Making holograms the easy way by fred unterseher, jeannene hansen and bob schlesinger, is rich in detail about how to produce all kinds of hologram on a limited budget.
Babasaheb ambedkar technological university, department of information technology engineering lonere402 103 20112012 2. Acoustic holography is a method for estimating the sound field near a source by measuring acoustic parameters away from the source by means of an array of pressure andor particle velocity transducers. Holography is a method of producing a threedimensional 3d image of an object. The holographic screen 1 is a diffractive optical element doe constructed by holographic techniques in order to obtain the highest directionality such that one. Digital holography became feasible since charged coupled devices ccds with suitable numbers and sizes of pixels and computers with suf. Digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms. Originally, holography was a technique used to improve electron microscopes.
As explained earlier the aim of this work is also the same, which is to devise a. The holographic detection of construction defects or material faults has been intensively investigated by. These patterns are reproduced as a threedimensional image called a hologram. It guides students from simple optics to advanced topics in holography, following a practical approach using realworld materials. Harriet casdinsilver follows benyons example and becomes one of the leading figures in the artistic world of holography. The technique of holography can also be used to optically store, retrieve, and process information. Compressive sampling enables signal reconstruction using less than one measurement per reconstructed signal value. Although holograms were immediately popular for art, practical applications of optical holography lagged until the 1980s. This film examines the process of holography, types of holograms, and the uses of the hologram for artistic and scientific purposes, as demonstrated by tung h. Holography, means of creating a unique photographic image without the use of a lens. Principles and techniques of digital holographic microscopy. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. The author provides easytofollow derivations of the mathematical foundations of holography, while giving practical advice on how to implement holography for a wide variety of applications.
Contents 1 introduction 2 2 the development of optical holography 4. The holographic stereogram is desirable in a form that permits white light reflection viewing of the holographic image. Digital holography using a laser pointer and consumer digital camera report date. Holography is the creation of threedimensional images called holograms. The image it brings to life is referred to as a hologram, from the greek word meaning whole picture. To understand how a holographic projector works we need to know what a hologram is. A hologram does not have any symbols reminding the displayed object. Compressive measurement is particularly useful in generating multidimensional images from lower dimensional data. Construction of whitelight holographic screens arxiv. Applications of diffraction xray crystalography the incoming beam coming from upper left causes each scatterer to reradiate a small portion of its energy as a spherical wave. While hungarian physicist dennis gabor invented the hologram in 1947. Of course, this first section is without interest for specialists but can give some fundamentals in optics for the other readers. If you want to see a hologram, you dont have to look much farther than your wallet. The first, understanding holography, presents the principles of hologram recording illustrated with practical examples.
Pdf in this work, we present the optical recording and reconstruction of dynamic 3d digital. The hologram is then illuminated with laser light transmission or white light reflection. Optics for reflection holographic stereogram systems core. Library journalthis comprehensive book is a guide for nontechnical people who wish to create their own holograms. From fundamentals to advanced experiments and applications, this book explains how holography works. If the holographic plate is illuminated after its development using the same reference wave used in the recording process, the light will diffract into three orders of diffraction if the diffraction network is sinusoidal. If scatterers are arranged symmetrically with a separation d, these spherical waves will be in synch add constructively only in directions where their pathlength. But the most impressive holograms are large scale and illuminated with lasers or displayed in a darkened room with carefully directed lighting. While her main aim is to take holography out of the science lab and expand the boundaries of fine art in order to include holography, a feminist strand runs through benyons work. The techniques and principles of holography have been modi. Pdf dynamic digital holography for recording and reconstruction. Holography physics homework help, physics assignments. Digital holography using a laser pointer and consumer. Unlike ordinary photographs, holograms record both phase and amplitude information.
This book is devoted to special techniques in digital holography. Optical holography didnt take off until the invention of the laser in 1960. Categories laser tags diagram or figure of recording process in holography, diagram or fogure or picture of reconstruction process in holography, how 3 dimensional picture is recored in holography, how hologram is made, how hologram records complete picture, how hologram works, recording and reconstruction process in holography, what is gabor. Unlike a twodimensional picture, a hologram allows a person to look around and behind its subject. The measuring techniques included in acoustic holography are becoming increasingly popular in various fields, most notably those of transportation, vehicle and aircraft. Figure 3825 shows photographs of a holographic image from two different angles, showing the changing perspective in this threedimensional image. Photography holographic recording hologram formation reconstruction types of holograms holographic material mass production of holograms a p p l i e d o p tic s g r o u p d e p a r t ment o f p h y s i c s. Nobel prize winner dennis gabor, holography s inventor, saw the film after it was made and said it was the. A hologram is a physical recording of an interference pattern which uses diffraction to reproduce a threedimensional light field, resulting in an image which retains the depth, parallax, and other properties of the original scene. A seminar on introduction to holographyintroduction to holography presented by swapnil g.
Holograms are photographs of three dimensional impressions on the surface of light waves. We demonstrate single frame 3d tomography from 2d holographic data. Thus the images of an extended object can be recorded and reproduced just as for a single point object. To fully understand the history of holography you need to have a basic idea of what a hologram is. Because phase is a relative property, construction of a. Prepared for submission to jhep complexity of formation in holography shira chapman, ahugo marrochioa. Realtime construction and reconstruction of fresnel holograms is demonstrated using an opticallyaddressable ferroelectric liquidcrystal spatial light modulator. Holography basic principles and contemporary applications is a collection of fifteen chapters, describing the basic principles of holography and some recent innovative developments in the field. The photographic recording of the image is called a hologram, which appears to be an unrecognizable pattern of stripes and whorls but whichwhen illuminated by coherent light, as by a laser beamorganizes the light. Holography is the method we use to record patterns of light. Listen to jason arthur sapan talk about the history of holography on gizmodo. Pdf holography is the science of making holograms which are usually intended for displaying three dimensional images.
Holography meaning in the cambridge english dictionary. I describe its historical development, its basic principles and some examples of its practical application in optical systems. Modern optics t h e i t y o f e d i n b u r g h topic 10. Therefore, in order to make a hologram you need to. Creating your own illusion lab manual sarah honorowski 01, shialing kwa 01 and shane smith 02. The release of graham saxbys third edition of practical holography shows how well the author understands what people need from a complete book on holography. Recording and reconstruction process in holography. When a hologram is made, a coherent beam of light is divided so that one beam the reference beam falls directly onto a piece of photographic lm and another beam the object beam is formed from the light that is scattered by an object and falls onto the same piece of lm. Chimera ultimate holography also sells film, plates and chemistry geola, vilnius, lithuania also sells pulse lasers, film, plates and chemistry zebra imaging, austin, tx technology acquired by holotech3d. In order to start the process, two beams of light are created by the refraction of one light beam directed at a. Nobel prize winner dennis gabor, holographys inventor, saw the film after it was made and said it was the.
Holography 1 holography introduction and background the aesthetic appeal and commercial usefulness of holography are both related to the ability of a hologram to store a threedimensional image. First, the basic results from the general theory of holography, based on the scalar diffraction theory, are summarized, and a general description of the digital holographic microscopy process is given, including quantitative phase microscopy. Characteristics of holograms holography and holographic. The term hologram is a combination of the greek words holos complete and gram message holography is a process for recording and displaying three dimensional information without lenses therefore holography opens up completely new possibilities in science, engineering, graphics and arts.
Holography, on the other hand does not utilize a lens to form a latent image. It is a problem of image recognition, interferometry of measurement, holographic optical elements, questions of image processing and many others. The reconstruction of the object field encoded within the hologram is based on the principle of light diffraction. This article describes the principles and major applications of digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms digital holography. Hologram and holography body, used, process, life, waves. Pdf we present a method for generating holographic construction information from parametric models.
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